In this blog entry, I intend to deal with the important dynamic explanation as to why both peaks (of higher from - relatively - lower) and valleys (of lower from - relatively higher) stages are possible - and indeed common - with respect to development. And it is important to bear in mind that as because both states and structures themselves bear a complementary relationship with respect to each other, that with suitable qualifications, peaks and valleys can apply in appropriate circumstances likewise with respect to stage structures! To understand such dynamics properly, it is important to bear in mind that both linear and circular characteristics attach to the development of all stages. It is perhaps unfortunate in this context that emphasis on the linear aspect tends to dominate the conventional treatment of stage development. So using the deceptively simple terminology of pre and trans, development is essentially portrayed as moving in somewhat linear fashion from lower pre...